ARGENTINA (2007)
following information is presented in order to understand the context in which they operate and Cooperatives mutual health organizations in Argentina.
Official name: Republic Argentina Area: 2,791,810 km ² . Federal Capital
: Autonomous City of Buenos Aires
Currency: Argentine Peso
Language: English
Other cities: Córdoba, Rosario, La Plata, Mar del Plata, San Miguel de Tucuman, Salta, Santa Fé.
National holiday: 9 July, Independence Day (1816).
Population: 38,970,611 inhabitants. (Estimates from censo/01 June/2006)
The population density is 14 inhabitants per km ². About 89.3% of the population is urban.
Subdivisions
Argentina Republic consists of 23 Provinces (Comparable to the Departments in Colombia) and one autonomous city (Buenos Aires, the Federal Capital). With the exception of the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires (00) and the province of Buenos Aires (01), the other provinces have signed inter integration forming four regions for various purposes: Northern Region Grande Argentina, formed by the provinces of Catamarca (02), Corrientes (04), Chaco (05), Formosa (08), Jujuy (09), Misiones (13), Tucumán (22), Salta (16) and Santiago del Estero (21); New Cuyo Region , comprising the provinces of La Rioja (11), Mendoza (12), San Juan (17) and San Luis (18); Patagonia Region, comprising the provinces of Chubut (06), La Pampa (10), Neuquén (14), Black River (15), Santa Cruz (19) and Tierra del Fuego, Antarctica and South Atlantic Islands (23); and Central Region, comprising the provinces of Cordoba (03), Entre Rios (08) and Santa Fe (20).
Argentina is described as a country macrocephalic because almost omnipotent influence of the capital, Buenos Aires (the political, economic and cultural development and its port is carried out much of the trade of Argentina the rest of the world) and to concentrate in the urban agglomeration of Greater Buenos Aires (a metropolitan area comprising the City of Buenos Aires most natural extension of the province or metropolitan area of \u200b\u200bBuenos Aires, without creating a whole administrative unit) to a third of the national population at nearly 4,000 km ² (0.14% of the total area approx.) and 40% of Argentine GDP, from the administrative standpoint Greater Buenos Aires had in 2001 with 11,460. 575 inhabitants (2,776,138 in the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires more than 8,684,437 in the 24 other integrated urban areas). The second urban conglomerate is Greater Córdoba, a metropolitan area of the Province of Cordoba with 1,368,301 inhabitants integrates Córdoba, the capital, with other neighboring towns of the province and the city of Córdoba is an important industrial and commercial center, called the Learned, for its prestigious and oldest university. El Gran Rosario, urban conglomerate that includes the city of Rosario and its neighboring towns in the Province of Santa Fe is the third largest with 1,161,188 inhabitants, is the center of a large productive area along the river Paraná and Rosario City, home to 78% of the people (the most populous province of Santa Fe), is a commercial hub, financial, industrial and cultural development and is the main port world agricultural exports. The Great Mendoza , metropolitan area formed by the City of Mendoza and 5 neighboring towns in the Province of Mendoza, with 848,660 inhabitants. (Which represents almost 54% of the population) in the west, is the nucleus of a great wine region, the city of Mendoza is the capital of the province and despite being 4 in population within the agglomerate is the pole of the same, the population of Guaymallén (the most populated of the agglomerate) is only a quarter of the total population of the metropolitan area, this figure is an indicator of what that is uniformly distributed population. El Gran San Miguel de Tucumán , principal city \u200b\u200bin northern Argentina, is the urban conglomerate formed around the city of San Miguel de Tucumán, capital of the Province of Tucumán and known for being the site where Argentina declared independence in 1816, is the fifth most populous agglomerate Argentina with 738,479 inhabitants, of which 71% are concentrated in the city of San Miguel de Tucumán. Neuquén, Capital of the province, has 201,868 inhabitants with cities Plottier Cipoletti and forms an urban conglomerate that brings 291,041 people.
The economic crisis and recovery
Argentina's economy experienced it hyperinflation between 1989 and 1990, during which poverty rose momentarily to an unprecedented level of 47.3% of the population of Greater Buenos Aires agglomerate. In the 1990's were deep and drastic economic reforms essential to reform the state, privatizing public services and open the economy. The centerpiece of the economic reform was the Convertibility Law passed in 1991 by freezing the value of a weight on a dollar. The plan, which aimed to immediately stop inflation, was successful for several years. In 1995, the local economy was adversely affected by the call Tequila effect, which caused an unprecedented increase in unemployment at the national level to 18.4%, also reversed the downward trend in poverty rates, which in the Greater Buenos Aires (the largest in the country), between 1990 and 1994 had reached a low of 16.1%; With the exception of 1995, in the late 90's the economy grew strongly until mid-1998.
In late 1998, began a long cycle of recession, partly because of the depletion of the peso and the dollar, which culminated in December 2001 after a bank run that destabilized financial system, the government tried to control the situation by enacting a restriction on the extraction of money deposited in banks, a measure known as the playpen, the economic instability led to a popular uprising that led to the resignation of President Fernando de la Rua. The economic boom, social and institutional in 2001 produced a wave of bankruptcies and closures of companies in the industrial sector and in services, and in 2002 underwent a major devaluation of the currency after the default of external debt (public and private) that exceeded the amount of gross domestic product this year, also at the national level, poverty reached 57.5% of the population, extreme poverty to 27.5% and 21.5% unemployment, all record highs for the country.
mid-2002 are beginning to glimpse signs of economic recovery and from 2003 to 2005, the country recorded a growth phase with rates of around 9% (8.8% in 2003, 9% 2004 and 9.2% in 2005), partly due to a high dollar policy designed to encourage import substitution, which has increased the competitiveness of industry in Argentina, in 2006 the economy expanded 8.5% accumulated four years of sustained growth. Currently, Argentina is the third economic power in Latin America, surpassed by Brazil and Mexico. GDP per capita measured in purchasing power parity and expressed in international dollars (USD 14,838) is the highest in the region.
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