Social Work system (OS) was consolidated as such 1970, under the authoritarian rule of General Onganía through Law 18,610, although these existed long before they assumed the form was not what we know today. The OS for the 50's and 60 formed a mixed bag, with extremely varied schemes of benefits offered only in part through their own service; Historically, the central feature of this subsector was the compulsory nature of membership and organization by industry through institutions that cover the contingencies of health and tourism infrastructure and provide social assistance to workers as employees (especially Social Work from union) and retired national social security system through the Integral Medical Assistance Program (PAMI). This subsector is constituted as social insurance for the protection of employees (and their immediate families) whose support is required and is done through the contributions of the employer and the employee.
Rules
OS system in the framework of a Health Insurance System.
The discontinuity of the legislation marked the following years until the late '80s. In 1974, Law 20,748 of National Integrated Health System (SNIS) and its companion Act the National Health Career 20,749, responding to the conception of a national health service, was a stout strong opposition of then union power and did not implemented only partially, to be annulled in 1980 by Law 22,269 of so-called military process, in turn, the content consisting union. With the restoration of democracy in 1983, began a legislative review in order to implement a universal national health insurance coverage, which was markedly delayed union pressure to the delayed enactment of two laws twins, the 23,660, and Social Work 23,661 of National Health Insurance, dated December 29, 1989, these standards were regulated in 1993, within a policy framework aimed at achieving deregulation performance based optimization and administration of Public Works allowing free choice of insurance agent by users through the Public Works Union, before these measures, employees were captive clients of the social work of the guild, even even if that person was not affiliated with the union. However, deregulation was not complete, since the choice was reduced to a choice only between home social work association, the private health care providers were unable to compete, except indirectly, acting as providers of union organizations.
Creation of the Superintendency of Health Services (Health).
Through 1615/96 decree merged the National Health Insurance (ANSSAL), created by Law N º 23661, the National Institute for Social Work (INOS), created by Law N º 18610, and the National Directorate for Social Work (TELL), created by Law N º 23660, to be the Superintendent of Health Services (SSSalud), a decentralized body of the National Public Administration under the Ministry of Health and Social Action, with legal and administrative system of autarky, economic and financial. The SSSalud is a body of regulation and control of the players in the National Health Insurance and social work national and only them or adhere to the system established by Law No. 23660 and No. 23661 are part of the system that regulates Superintendency Health Services.
Supplemental Plans are authorized (Plan Super PMO).
The SSSalud authorized by resolution 195 of 1,998 that Social Work in addition to the legal obligation to satisfy the Compulsory Medical Plan (PMO) can provide additional beneficiaries for which plans are enabled to receive contributions and additional contributions, if these are approved in advance by the entity and an agreement is signed between the beneficiary and Welfare when the relationship is built on the PMO Plan Super. The additional payment could be established in the contract between the Social Work and the Beneficiary for the chosen plan could overcome the PMO must be received by the Health Insurance Agent, who must devote at least 80% of its gross resources, net of contributions to Solidarity Redistribution Fund, the provision of health services provided in the agreement. The Public Works signed nearly 150 concession contracts and management with prepaid medicine companies delegating responsibility for health care beneficiaries by establishing a monthly payment per capita in this way, the prepaid came to compete indirectly in the social system works, because while members the solidarity system are not allowed to choose a prepaid they can change social work, and indirectly broaden their market share in a sight that remained "closed", since then, virtually all plans are offered to superseders beneficiaries of the OS for their own prepaid, they charge a premium for the cost of this plan (to which is added the contribution of the beneficiary), give a membership card to the recipient, and even grow in highly complex insurance Fund redistribution through social work itself.
Social Work Competition by users.
In 2000, we present a modification that expands the entities that can compete in this market, by providing that the beneficiaries of the system can exercise the right to choose between any of the social projects listed in the Act except the National Institute 23,660 Social Services for Retirees and Pensioners (PAMI) and social work of military and civilian personnel of the armed forces, security, Argentina Federal Police, Federal Penitentiary Service and retirees and retirees in the same area, they can also choose from any of the entities that have acceded to the System of Law No. 23,661 and its entities are specifically designed the provision of health services in accordance with the rules given by the Superintendency of Health Services, which must add to its name the term "Agent Attached to the National Health Insurance", this allows companies last convention, a prepaid medical institutions and cooperatives that adhere to participate in this market (the original Act allows mutual this feature.)
crisis Security system and Social Work.
The economic and financial crisis that hatched in late 2001 in the country, resulted in increased poverty and paralysis production that generated a fiscal crisis, social and political conditions affecting the financing of the health system by reducing the revenues of the unemployment generated by the (decreasing the number of members of the Social Work) and falling wages, the Social Work were news because they had cut services and public pharmacies that did not care for certain social work, corresponding health financing in the pocket of the worker and his family. The government adopted the decree 486/02 by which it established the national health emergency and took a series of measures to facilitate access to medicines for the poorest people and redesigning the Compulsory Health Plan along with a rescue plan for Social Work, including the pensioners I (PAMI) was the verge of bankruptcy affecting the users attention.
since President Kirchner took office on 25 May 2003, achieved a funding process, due to the inclusion of more than one million Argentines formal labor market, with an increase in collection and the possibility that 3 million Argentines were in social security in the area of \u200b\u200bhealth above and wage increases led to a better collection for Social Work performance it turned in medical care, allowing to social work today may leave the grief and now are giving full service.
Current status (March 2007).
At December 30, 2006, this system had 15,501,655 beneficiaries, holders affiliates (9,547,235) and their primary family group (5,954,420) distributed in almost three hundred organizations of varying size and importance so: 68.9% were in union OS, OS 18.5% State, 6.2% in OS managers and the remaining 6.4% in OS otherwise. The system has an annual revenue of 7,000 million pesos, as a result of the deregulation implemented in 1998 (free choice of Social Work), most middle-income members and senior social work abandoned home, which caused a hole in the cases of social work girls and a surplus in favor of the most powerful, that "associates" In some cases, prepaid medicine companies accounted for the contributions of younger workers with higher wages.
The government aims to encourage the employee to remain faithful or return to social work or home ownership, which is the social work that has to do with their business, trying to stay high wages in that social work because they are those that guarantee contribute more to subsidize a smaller contribution, in this sense seeks to define a period of three months in a certain time of year to opt for any work on social change, while the possibility of returning to welfare of origin (which is allocated by the employee's activity) will permanently open at any time of year is now possible to transfer once every 12 months and at any time of year. Critics of the government's plan say that behind it are the leaders of TQM, which seek to determine a pact with the national government in exchange for limiting their wage demands at a rate that the authorities consider logical and not acting as trigger a race between prices and wages in return for this perk and warned that progress would involve a serious injury to employees, that they would be doomed to be captive customers of the social work of a guild, as well as generating a sharp drop in levels of competitiveness and quality of services. Of a total of Social Work, excluding the PAMI, the top 20 ranking nucleate OS 65.7% of the total beneficiaries, and among the top 10 institutions absorb 51, 52% of the total population
The contribution to social work is 9% (3% of salary contributed by employees and employers 6%). Until now, companies with high wages paid a top: 6% of $ 4,800, for greater funding for social projects, the government will increase, from April this will stop at $ 6,000. The personal contribution will remain unchanged to avoid a pay cut.
Sources:
Federico Tovar. Brief history of health service provision in Argentina .. August 23, 2001.
Social Works, In: http://www.oscom.com.ar/os_old/www/home.htm
Mario Roitter, Inés González Bombal; Studies on Nonprofit Sector in Argentina, Buenos Aires, Cedes / Johns Hopkins University, 2000. Carlos H.
Acuña; Mariana Chudnovsky. The health system in Argentina. Document 60 March 2002.
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